In a landmark move, President Cyril Ramaphosa of South Africa has announced the formation of a new coalition government following the African National Congress (ANC)’s loss of its parliamentary majority in May’s elections.
This unprecedented “government of national unity” marks a significant shift in the country’s political landscape.
The ANC, which has been the ruling party since the end of apartheid in 1994, will hold 20 out of 32 cabinet positions. The pro-market Democratic Alliance (DA), previously the main opposition party, will control six portfolios.
The remaining six positions will be distributed among smaller parties.
The coalition’s formation follows weeks of intense negotiations, with Ramaphosa at one point accusing the DA of attempting to establish a “parallel government” in violation of the constitution.
This tension was a reflection of the ANC’s dwindling public support due to dissatisfaction with its handling of basic services, unemployment, poverty, and corruption.
The ANC’s historic dominance, established under Nelson Mandela, has been challenged by this new power-sharing arrangement. Some ANC activists have voiced concerns about partnering with the DA, which they view as representing white interests.
Nevertheless, the coalition has been positively received by the business community, which sees it as a means to ensure economic stability and avoid potential alliances with more radical factions.
In the newly appointed cabinet, the ANC retains control of key ministries such as defense, finance, and foreign affairs. Ronald Lamola, formerly the justice minister, will now lead the foreign ministry, taking over from Naledi Pandor.
The DA will manage important sectors including home affairs and public works, areas previously mired in corruption scandals.
John Steenhuisen, the DA leader, will head the agriculture ministry, a sector historically dominated by white farmers and corporations.
During a televised address, President Ramaphosa emphasized the new government’s commitment to rapid, inclusive, and sustainable economic growth, as well as the creation of a more just society.
The ANC described the coalition as “an important step forward, and a testament to the resilience of our democracy.” The DA echoed this sentiment, expressing pride in their new role within the national government and pledging a commitment to good governance, anti-corruption measures, and pragmatic policies.
Despite the coalition agreement, significant political disagreements remain between the ANC and DA, particularly regarding national healthcare policy and black economic empowerment initiatives.
Crucially, the ANC maintains control over ministries pivotal to these policies, including mines, trade, and land reform.
The recent elections saw the ANC secure 40% of the vote, with the DA receiving 22%. This coalition government represents a critical juncture for South Africa, aiming to navigate the country’s complex political and economic challenges through a united front.
